A no-nonsense guide to every wrinkle relaxer sold in Canada, from Botox and Dysport to Xeomin, Nuceiva and Letybo: whether they are really different, and where the science gets honest
The short answer
Botox, Dysport, Xeomin, Nuceiva and Letybo are all botulinum toxin type A, and in the best head-to-head research so far their peak effect on frown lines is similar. The real differences are small: how fast they start, how long they may last, and how their units are counted. In our view, who injects matters more than the brand.
Key takeaways
- Same family, different formulations. Five brands are listed by Health Canada for cosmetic use: Botox Cosmetic, Dysport Aesthetic, Xeomin Cosmetic, Nuceiva and Letybo. Jeuveau is the American name for Nuceiva. Daxxify is not sold in Canada.
- Approved areas differ. All five products are approved in Canada for frown lines between the eyebrows; Botox Cosmetic and Xeomin Cosmetic also for forehead lines and crow’s feet, Dysport Aesthetic for crow’s feet.
- Units are not interchangeable. 20 units of Botox and 50 units of Dysport are both standard frown-line doses, measured on two different scales.
- Speed. In a 2025 head-to-head trial, Dysport and Nuceiva showed an effect soonest, at day three. Peak effect was similar for all four products tested.
- Staying power. At six months, Nuceiva and Xeomin still showed a measurable effect, and only Nuceiva was clearly ahead of Botox. A larger trial built to compare duration is running now.
- Most common trade-off. The side effect seen more often than with a dummy injection is a drooping eyelid, and it wears off as the product does.
- The second question. Brand is worth knowing about. Training, dose and follow-up are worth more.
Let’s talk about your frown lines
There are seven or eight names for what is essentially one drug, every clinic seems to have a favourite, and the price tags swing wildly. If you have spent an evening down this rabbit hole and come out more confused than you went in, you are in good company.
Here is the thing that rarely makes it onto a website. Botox, Dysport, Xeomin, Jeuveau, Nuceiva, Letybo and Daxxify are all botulinum toxin type A. Same family of protein, same trick, sold under different names. They all relax the muscle, they all wear off, and in the studies we have, at proper doses they all do roughly the same job.
Put them side by side and, at their peak, the best head-to-head study struggled to tell them apart. That is not a marketing line. It is what the research found.
There are genuine differences, but they are small and specific: some get going a few days sooner, some may hang around longer, and the side-effect numbers are not identical. Nobody is offering you a completely different experience.
So why does this feel so hard? Two reasons worth knowing before you read another word. First, much of the research pits a toxin against a dummy injection rather than against its rivals, which means the comparison you actually care about (Botox vs Dysport, Xeomin vs Botox, Nuceiva vs everything) is thinner on the ground than the confident tone of the brochures suggests. Second, the studies measure different things in different ways, so the headlines contradict each other and it is easy to quote whichever one suits the story.
Keep one sentence in your back pocket, and take it as a clinical opinion rather than a trial result: the person holding the syringe matters more than the name on the vial. Everything below is worth knowing, but it is the second question you should be asking. And to be clear, this is a look at the research, not medical advice. If you want the practical side, our page on wrinkle relaxers (neuromodulators) in Montreal explains how a consultation works.
Your questions, answered
Are Botox, Dysport and Xeomin all the same thing?
Come on, are these not all the same thing? Basically, yes. All of them are botulinum toxin type A, a protein made by a fairly ordinary bacterium. In cosmetic doses it is purified and diluted down to tiny, carefully measured amounts, then injected into specific muscles in your face. It blocks the signal that tells a muscle to contract, the muscle goes quiet, and the line above it flattens out.
What differs between brands is the formulation, the dose scale, and small measurable gaps in how fast they start and how long they stay. None of them is a different species of treatment.
Is a wrinkle relaxer the same as Botox?
Botox is one brand. “Wrinkle relaxer” and “neuromodulator” are names for the whole category, the way “tissue” is the category and Kleenex is one brand of it. When a clinic website says wrinkle relaxer, ours included, it means a product from this family.
Which of these can you actually get in Canada?
Most of what you read online is written for American readers, and the shelf is not the same here. Health Canada’s Drug Product Database lists five cosmetic botulinum toxin type A products as marketed in Canada (checked 12 November 2026): Botox Cosmetic, Dysport Aesthetic, Xeomin Cosmetic, Nuceiva and Letybo. Jeuveau does not exist here under that name: it is the same product as Nuceiva, sold by the same company. Daxxify, the one built for longer duration, has no Health Canada listing at all, so it appears below for context only.
Which areas is each product approved for in Canada?
All five products are approved in Canada for frown lines between the eyebrows. Beyond that, their Health Canada approvals differ:
| Product | Health Canada approved facial areas | Authorized age group |
|---|---|---|
| Botox Cosmetic (onabotulinumtoxinA) | Forehead lines, crow’s feet and frown lines; platysma prominence of the jawline and neck | Adults |
| Dysport Aesthetic (abobotulinumtoxinA) | Frown lines and crow’s feet | Adults under 65 |
| Xeomin Cosmetic (incobotulinumtoxinA) | Forehead lines, crow’s feet and frown lines, alone or combined | Adults |
| Nuceiva (prabotulinumtoxinA) | Frown lines only | Adults under 65 |
| Letybo (letibotulinumtoxinA) | Frown lines only | Adults under 65 |
This summarizes regulatory labelling, not treatment guidance.
Sources: Health Canada product monographs and Regulatory Decision Summaries for Botox Cosmetic, Dysport Aesthetic, Xeomin Cosmetic, Nuceiva and Letybo.
Botox units vs Dysport units: why can’t I just compare the numbers?
Because the numbers are not the same kind of number. Each brand measures its dose on its own private scale. Twenty units of Botox is a normal frown-line treatment. Fifty units of Dysport sounds like it should put you in hospital, but it is the labelled frown-line dose on a different ruler.
Here is the part that surprises people: the Canadian product monographs for these products say that their units are specific to that product and cannot be swapped or converted into anyone else’s units. Clinicians still use rules of thumb, about two and a half Dysport units to one Botox unit, but that is a well-informed guess, not a formula. So no, 20 units of Botox is not the same as 20 units of Dysport.
Which leads somewhere practical: if a clinic swaps brands without adjusting the dose, you are not getting an equivalent treatment. And if someone offers you “Botox” at a suspiciously lovely price, ask which product is actually in the vial.
| Brand | What’s in it | Typical frown-line dose | In Canada | Worth knowing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Botox | onabotulinumtoxinA | 20 units | Botox Cosmetic, on the market since 2001 | The original, with the longest history on the Canadian market. |
| Dysport | abobotulinumtoxinA | 50 units | Dysport Aesthetic, since 2013 | Among the fastest to start in the 2025 head-to-head trial. Uses a different dose scale. |
| Xeomin | incobotulinumtoxinA | 20 units | Xeomin Cosmetic, since 2012 | Made without complexing proteins. Labelled in Canada for forehead lines and crow’s feet as well as frown lines, as is Botox Cosmetic. |
| Nuceiva (Jeuveau) | prabotulinumtoxinA | 20 units | Nuceiva, since 2019 | The same product under two names: Jeuveau in the US, Nuceiva in Canada and Europe. |
| Letybo | letibotulinumtoxinA | 20 units | Letybo, since 2023 | Newest here. Well tested against placebo, with only one small head-to-head study so far. |
| Daxxify | daxibotulinumtoxinA | 40 units | Not sold in Canada | Built for longer duration. Its main trials reported a median of about 24 weeks. The Cochrane review found more side effects than placebo. |
Doses are for frown lines and are approximate. Unit scales are specific to each product and are not interchangeable. Canadian names and market dates are from Health Canada’s Drug Product Database, checked 12 November 2026.
Botox vs Dysport vs Xeomin vs Nuceiva: has anyone actually put them head to head?
Partly, and this is where the article earns its keep. The study you really want, pitting every product against every other in one go, has not been published yet.
The best direct comparison we have landed in 2025, in JAMA Dermatology. Researchers gave 143 women one of four products (Botox, Dysport, Jeuveau or Xeomin) at standard doses, then photographed their faces in 3D mid-frown at four points over six months. Photographing actual skin movement is a more objective yardstick than asking people to squint at their own reflection and guess. Canadian readers: Jeuveau is Nuceiva, so that is the name used from here on.
- 143women in the 2025 trial
- 4products compared
- 6months of 3D photo follow-up
Letybo and Daxxify missed the party entirely: their American approvals came after the trial had started. One more thing worth holding in mind: several of the authors reported research grants from Evolus, the company that makes Nuceiva.
| Product | Started working | Peak result | After six months |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dysport | Among the fastest | About the same | Not clearly different from Botox |
| Nuceiva (Jeuveau) | Among the fastest | About the same | Still working, and the only one clearly ahead of Botox |
| Botox | Slower | About the same | Barely detectable |
| Xeomin | Slower | About the same | Still detectable, compared with its own starting point |
The differences at the peak were small. The study’s own conclusion was that peak effect is similar across all the toxins.
Read that table properly and you get the whole story:
- Dysport and Nuceiva got moving noticeably sooner, measurable at day three (the first check), while Botox and Xeomin were still clearing their throat.
- At full strength, all four were nearly identical. This is the finding that gets buried under the brand talk.
- At six months, Nuceiva and Xeomin were both still measurably working compared with where they started. Nuceiva was the only one that beat Botox at that point by a margin the statisticians would defend.
- All four made people happier with their faces by similar amounts for the first three months. At six months, satisfaction with the area between the brows was still up in the Botox, Nuceiva and Xeomin groups.
That last point deserves a footnote. Feeling happier and measuring smoother are two different yardsticks, and they do not always move together. The gaps this study found were at the two ends: who started sooner, and who was still going months later.
Translation: at its peak, the brand barely mattered. The differences showed up at the start and at the finish.
How long does Botox last compared with Dysport, Xeomin and Nuceiva?
Months, not weeks, and the gap between brands looks smaller than the gap between people. In the 2025 trial every group was still happier with the treated area at three months. By six months the measured effect of Botox had almost entirely worn off, while Nuceiva and Xeomin still showed one. Daxxify’s own trials (SAKURA 1 and 2) reported a median of about 24 weeks, but it is not sold in Canada.
So which lasts longer, Botox or Dysport? Honestly, that one is not settled: the 2025 trial found no clear difference between the two at six months. What no study can tell you is how long a treatment will last on your face. Dose, the area treated and your own muscles all move the number, which is a conversation for a consultation rather than a chart.
“But I read none of them beats any other.” So which is it?
Both, genuinely, and untangling this is the single most useful thing in the article. The two sets of findings are measuring different things at different moments, then being reported as if they were a disagreement.
What the big review found
In 2021 the Cochrane Collaboration, the outfit widely treated as the gold standard for this kind of thing, pooled 65 studies covering nearly 15,000 people. Their strongest head-to-head verdict was that Dysport at 50 units and Botox at 20 units had the same success rate four weeks after treatment, and they were confident enough to rate that conclusion high certainty.
- 65studies pooled
- 14,919people included
- 21studies that reported duration
A 2016 analysis of 18 studies arrived at the same place from the other direction: insufficient evidence
that any of the three brands it looked at beats any other.
Why both are true
Cochrane’s main measure is pass or fail, judged four weeks after the injection. That is a perfectly sensible test of whether a drug works. But a test taken at four weeks cannot possibly notice that one product started working a few days early. By then, everyone has arrived.
And the thing Cochrane could say least about was how long the results lasted: only 21 of the 65 studies in the 2021 Cochrane review reported duration at all. The single dimension where these products genuinely differ is the one the review had the thinnest data on.
The older evidence is a wide net with big holes. The newer study is a fine net over a small pond. Both are doing their job.
So here is the fair summary. By four weeks, graded pass-or-fail, the best-studied pair (Botox and Dysport) cannot be told apart. On how quickly they start, and possibly how long they last, the products can differ. The broad evidence settles the first question; only the precise newer study could catch the second.
How much should I actually trust all this?
Less than the confident tone of most marketing invites you to. A few things worth knowing about the evidence itself:
- Cochrane rated only three of its findings as high certainty. Most were moderate, low, or very low.
- Not one study in that review was free of all the problems the researchers were looking for: murky randomization, unclear blinding, and so on.
- Most of the studies were funded by the companies that make the products, and most did not describe what role the sponsor had in analyzing or writing things up. That does not make them wrong. It does mean you should hold them like a hot cup.
- The review’s search closed in May 2020, so it knows nothing about Letybo or the newer head-to-head work.
- Twenty-four more studies were still sitting in the “not yet classified” pile when it published. Any of them could move the conclusions.
Is anything coming that will settle it?
Yes, and it is happening right now, which is the genuinely interesting news in this whole field. A team at the Amsterdam University Medical Centers is running the main products against each other. It started in February 2026, is recruiting as we speak, and expects to finish collecting its main results in January 2027. Nothing has been published from it yet.
- 325participants planned
- 3clinics in the Netherlands
- 2027main results expected
One detail worth getting right. The trial’s title promises “all five commercially available” products, but the public registry lists five treatment groups covering four products: Botox, Xeomin, Nuceiva (Jeuveau), and Dysport at two different doses. Letybo is not among the listed groups (registry record last updated August 2026).
Why this one matters more
Every comparison in this article has a weak spot, and the Amsterdam trial looks purpose-built to patch most of them.
The 2025 study found real differences, but only among four products, at one clinic, in 143 women. Cochrane had the opposite problem: magnificent breadth, but it was bundling studies that measured different things in different ways, and it barely got to grips with duration. And almost every product’s own evidence, Letybo’s included, is against a dummy injection rather than a rival.
The new trial tackles those gaps head on. It is triple-blind, meaning the participants, the investigators and the people judging the results all have no idea which product was used, which keeps expectation from doing the work as far as any trial can. And its primary question is not “did it work” at some fixed date, but how long the effect lasts. That is precisely the gap the old evidence could not fill.
What it’s testing
- Four products in five groups, each given as a single treatment for frown lines: Botox, Xeomin and Nuceiva at 20 units, and Dysport at both 50 and 60 units.
- How long each keeps working: the percentage still showing at least a one-point improvement at 16 weeks, with follow-up to 30 weeks crunched with survival statistics.
- Safety alongside effectiveness, so the side effects are compared under identical conditions instead of across mismatched studies.
- 325 participants planned across three clinics in the Netherlands, all of them women: more than double the 2025 study.
What it will and won’t settle
It should go a long way toward answering the question everyone actually asks: does any of these last meaningfully longer than the others, tested properly against each other? Today nobody can tell you that with confidence, and anyone who claims otherwise is quoting a single small study or comparing apples to oranges across different trials.
What it will not tell you is what years of repeated treatment do. It follows one cycle, like most trials in this field, so the long-term questions about resistance and cumulative muscle effects stay open. As registered, it will not tell us anything about Letybo either. And a trial result is an average across 325 people. It cannot tell you what your particular face will do.
Botox and Dysport side effects: what should I actually worry about?
The side effect that turns up more often than with a dummy injection in the research is a drooping eyelid (ptosis, if you want the term). It happens when the toxin drifts slightly and reaches the muscle that lifts the lid. It is annoying, it is visible, and it wears off as the product does.
The rest of the list:
- Headache and bruising for a few days afterwards: common, brief, unexciting. Our wrinkle relaxer aftercare guide covers what to expect.
- Asymmetry: one brow sitting higher than the other, or a lop-sided smile. Usually a matter of placement and dose, and it settles.
- Antibodies. Repeated treatment, especially big doses close together, can teach your body to fight the toxin off, and the treatment can then work less well. It looks uncommon: in a 2023 analysis of Botox registration studies, about 0.3% of the people tested still had neutralizing antibodies at the end (that figure covers all uses, not only cosmetic ones). It is still a good reason not to go at it aggressively or too often.
Are some of them safer than others?
The evidence gives a rough picture, though nobody has run a proper safety contest under identical conditions. From the Cochrane review:
- Xeomin: none of what the review called “major” side effects (its own category, which includes a drooping eyelid) were seen in two studies of 547 people at the standard dose.
- Botox and Dysport both showed a probable increase in that same category over placebo, mostly that drooping eyelid.
- Daxxify showed more people with side effects of any kind than placebo.
None of that is a league table. “Major” here is the review’s label, not the regulator’s definition of a serious side effect, and the studies behind each line were not run the same way.
Can any of them do more than frown lines? Forehead lines, crow’s feet and neck bands
Every one of these products is approved for the frown lines between your brows (the “11s”). Beyond that, the Canadian labels differ: Botox Cosmetic and Xeomin Cosmetic also list forehead lines and crow’s feet, Dysport Aesthetic lists crow’s feet, and the Nuceiva and Letybo monographs we checked list frown lines only. The research wanders further, though.
Three areas in one sitting
Xeomin has been tested on frown lines, forehead lines and crow’s feet treated together in a single session, and it performed well: almost everyone rated themselves improved at day 30, across three repeat cycles. That backs up what plenty of clinics already do, and it is a real point in Xeomin’s favour.
The neck
Botox has been tested on the vertical bands that show up on the neck with age. It worked, with the result measured two weeks in and participants followed for four months.
A note from clinical practice rather than from a trial: the lower face and neck tend not to hold a result as long as the upper face. If a clinic promises identical duration everywhere, that is your cue to ask a few more questions.
Botox or Dysport, Xeomin or Nuceiva: which one should I pick?
Product differences are small and really are the second question. Here is what the evidence says on each point, and then what deserves your attention instead. None of this picks a product for you. That is a decision for you and your physician.
Picking a product
Need it working before an event?
Dysport and Nuceiva have the best evidence for getting going sooner: a few days sooner.
Want it to last?
Nuceiva is the only one shown to outlast Botox at six months, in one trial. Daxxify has the strongest duration evidence of all, but you cannot get it in Canada.
Nervous about side effects?
Xeomin had none of the review’s “major” side effects at standard dose in the two studies that looked.
Want the familiar option?
Botox has been on the Canadian market the longest, which reflects how long it has been around, not that it works better.
Offered Letybo?
It is well tested against placebo, with one small head-to-head study and no large one yet. That is a hole in the evidence, not a warning sign, but nobody can tell you with confidence how it stacks up.
Offered a bargain?
Ask what product it is. Ask to see the vial.
What matters more than the brand
In our clinical view, a well-trained injector with an ordinary product will do better by you than a poorly trained one with the most expensive vial.
Dr Angelina Guzzo, Medical Director, Clinique AG
Things worth more of your attention than the label:
- Who is injecting, and how they were trained. In Quebec that means a physician, or a nurse or dentist working within the rules their professional order sets. For a sense of what proper training covers, see the clinical neurotoxin administration course at AMEQ Academy, where Dr Guzzo trains Quebec physicians in medical aesthetics. We also wrote a guide on how to choose a medical injector.
- Whether the product is genuine, with a lot number you could actually check. In Canada, an authorized product also carries a Health Canada drug identification number (DIN).
- Whether they will see you again at two weeks to look at the result. That check is where dose and placement get refined.
- Whether they treat conservatively. In our experience, most of the trouble with this treatment comes from too much, too often, in the wrong place.
- Whether they will tell you honestly when a product cannot fix the lines you are pointing at. Lines that stay when your face is at rest often need a different tool, such as dermal fillers or a skin treatment like RF microneedling. Our page on wrinkles and fine lines explains which is which.
Quick answers to the questions people search
What is better, Botox or Dysport?
Neither has been shown to be better overall. The largest review found the same success rate at four weeks for standard doses of each, with high certainty. In the 2025 head-to-head trial Dysport showed an effect sooner, and peak results were similar.
Which lasts longer, Botox or Dysport?
Not settled. The 2025 head-to-head trial found no clear difference between Botox and Dysport at six months. In that trial only Nuceiva measurably outlasted Botox, and Xeomin still showed a measurable effect against its own starting point. A larger trial designed to compare duration is expected to finish collecting data in early 2027.
Is 20 units of Botox the same as 20 units of Dysport?
No. Each product counts units on its own scale. The standard frown-line doses are 20 units of Botox and 50 units of Dysport, and the Canadian product monographs say units cannot be converted between products. Clinicians use a rule of thumb of about two and a half Dysport units to one Botox unit, a well-informed guess, not a formula.
Is Dysport cheaper than Botox?
A per-unit price tells you very little, because the units are not the same size: the standard frown-line dose is 20 units of Botox or 50 units of Dysport. Compare the price for the whole treatment area instead. Clinique AG publishes its treatment pricing so you can do exactly that.
Is Jeuveau available in Canada?
Yes, under another name. Jeuveau is the American brand name of prabotulinumtoxinA, which is sold in Canada as Nuceiva by the same company. It is one of five cosmetic botulinum toxin type A products that Health Canada’s Drug Product Database lists as marketed in Canada (checked 12 November 2026).
Is Daxxify available in Canada?
Not at the time of writing. Daxxify (daxibotulinumtoxinA) had no listing in Health Canada’s Drug Product Database when we checked on 12 November 2026. It was built for longer duration, and its main trials reported a median of about 24 weeks, measured by those trials’ own definition of a response.
Is Xeomin better than Botox?
Not on peak effect: the two were similar in the 2025 trial. Xeomin is made without complexing proteins and still showed a measurable effect at six months in that trial. Whether those differences matter for you is a question for a consultation.
Which wrinkle relaxers are approved in Canada?
Five. Health Canada’s Drug Product Database lists Botox Cosmetic, Dysport Aesthetic, Xeomin Cosmetic, Nuceiva and Letybo as marketed in Canada (checked 12 November 2026). All five are approved for frown lines between the eyebrows. Botox Cosmetic and Xeomin Cosmetic are also approved for forehead lines and crow’s feet, and Dysport Aesthetic for crow’s feet.
Where does this article run out of road?
- Letybo has only one small direct comparison, a 2025 split-face study (30 people, looking at how far the product spreads in the forehead) and no large head-to-head trial on how long it lasts.
- The big head-to-head study is running now, with data collection expected to finish in early 2027.
- The main review’s search closed in May 2020, so it predates the newest products and the newest work.
- Canadian availability and labelling were checked in November 2026 and can change. A few of the monographs we read were not the latest versions.
- This is a walk through published research, not medical advice. Whether any of it is right for you depends on your face, your history and your goals, which makes it a conversation with a qualified clinician, not with an article.
Want to talk it through in Montreal or Saint-Sauveur?
This article will not pick a product for you, and no website should. If you would like a physician-led conversation about expression lines, Clinique AG offers wrinkle-relaxer consultations in Montreal and Saint-Sauveur. You can also read our take on common Botox myths, or contact the clinic with your questions.
Where the numbers come from
Most of this article rests on six papers: a 2025 head-to-head trial in JAMA Dermatology (143 women, four products, three-dimensional photogrammetry, trial registration NCT05167864); the 2021 Cochrane review of botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles (65 trials, 14,919 people, art. no. CD011301); the pooled SAKURA 1 and SAKURA 2 phase 3 trials of daxibotulinumtoxinA; a 2025 phase 3 trial of onabotulinumtoxinA for platysma bands; the ULTRA I and II trials of incobotulinumtoxinA for upper facial lines; and a 2016 systematic review and network meta-analysis in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
Four further sources cover what those papers do not: the trial registration for the head-to-head study now running (NCT06448676); a 2025 split-face study comparing Letybo with Botox and Dysport; a 2023 analysis of neutralizing antibodies across Botox studies; and Health Canada’s Drug Product Database and product monographs for Canadian names, market dates, doses and labelled uses.
One caveat on precision: the Daxxify median of 24 weeks is tied to that trial’s own definition of a response, so it is not a promise that every person holds a result for 24 weeks. And where this article calls something uncertain, that reflects the certainty ratings the Cochrane review assigned itself, not a hedge added here.
Sources
- Lemdani MS, et al. Comparison of Botulinum Toxin A Formulations for Glabellar Strain Treatment in Women. JAMA Dermatology, 2025 (corrected August 2025). doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2025.1335 jamanetwork.com
- Camargo CP, et al. Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021, CD011301. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011301.pub2 pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Bonaparte JP, et al. A Comparative Assessment of Three Formulations of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Facial Rhytides. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2016. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002004 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Bertucci V, et al. DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection: pooled SAKURA 1 and 2 results. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.06.1313 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Fabi S, et al. Improvement of platysma prominence with onabotulinumtoxinA. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.10.027 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Pavicic T, et al. Aesthetic Improvements Over Time: ULTRA I and II analysis of incobotulinumtoxinA. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2025. doi: 10.1111/jocd.70460 pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Bennek M, et al. Diffusion Characteristics of LetibotulinumtoxinA, OnabotulinumtoxinA, and AbobotulinumtoxinA. Dermatology and Therapy, 2025. doi: 10.1007/s13555-025-01458-3 pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Jankovic J, et al. Neutralizing Antibody Formation with OnabotulinumtoxinA Treatment from Global Registration Studies across Multiple Indications. Toxins, 2023. doi: 10.3390/toxins15050342 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Head-to-Head Comparison of All Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Products for Glabellar Rhytides (NCT06448676). ClinicalTrials.gov, record updated August 2026. clinicaltrials.gov
- Health Canada. Drug Product Database: Botox Cosmetic, Dysport Aesthetic, Xeomin Cosmetic, Nuceiva, Letybo. Checked 12 November 2026. health-products.canada.ca
